Algae in aquarium
Algae are photosynthetic organisms that proliferate when light and nutrients are in excess. Some are beneficial (coralline algae), most are unwanted.
Detailed explanation
Algae in the aquarium is a sign. They are not a disease to be cured but an indicator of imbalance. Eliminating algae without understanding why it appeared means seeing it return within a few weeks.
Filamentous green algae appear with excess nitrates and phosphates combined with bright light. Reducing the photoperiod and increasing water changes are the first intervention.
Brown algae (diatoms) are normal in the first 2-3 months of a new aquarium. They feed on silicates released from the substrate. They disappear on their own when the silicates are exhausted. Clean and wait.
Green dot algae on the glass are normal and actually indicate a healthy aquarium. Scrapers or nerete snails are enough to keep them under control.
Coralline algae (encrusting pink-purple algae) are desired in marine aquariums. They indicate stable parameters and good balance. They spread with normal calcium and KH.
In ponds, green water (blooming unicellular algae) is the most common problem in summer. An online UV-C solves it in a few days. String algae in the pond are managed with floating plants that shade and compete for nutrients.
In planted freshwater aquariums, algae appear when the CO2-light-fertiliser balance is wrong. Too much light without adequate CO2 invites algae.
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